Heilongjiang is a northeastern province of China, with over 37 million people live in 460,000 square km area. Heilongjiang borders Jilin to the south and Inner Mongolia to the west and Russia to the northeast.

Heilongjiang literally means Black Dragon River, which is Chinese translation of the River Amur, which marks the border between China and Russia to the north. Moreover, Both China’s northernmost point (Mohe County) and easternmost point are in Heilongjiang province.

Much of the Heilongjiang Province is dominated by mountain ranges such as the Greater Khingan Range and Lesser Khingan Range, Zhangguangcai Mountains, Laoye Mountains, and Wanda Mountains. Among them, the Greater Khingan Range contains China’s largest remaining virgin forest and is an important area for China's forestry industry. The highest peak is the 1690-meter-high Mount Datudingzi, located on the border with Jilin Province.

Heilongjiang is rich in rivers, such as Muling River, the Naoli River, the Songhua River, the Nen River, and the Mudan River, and all these rivers are the tributaries of the Amur's basin.